本文中规则条例英文直接引自NBA官方2024-2025规则手册的原文，中文为机器翻译人工粗略校核，难免有错误和不当之处，如有疑义请以英文为准。

以下关于NBA中计分、比赛时间和暂停的规则，出自RULE NO. 5: Scoring and Timing章节。

RULE NO. 5: Scoring and Timing规则 5：计分和计时Section I—Scoring第一部分——计分a. A legal field goal or free throw attempt shall be scored when a ball from the playing area enters the basket from above and remains in or passes through the net.当球从比赛区域上方进入篮筐并停留在篮筐内或穿过篮筐时，应计入合法投篮得分或罚球得分。

b. A successful field goal attempt from the area on or inside the three-point field goal line shall count two points.在三分球线上或三分球线内的区域内成功投篮得分可得两分。

c. A successful field goal attempt from the area outside the three-point field goal line shall count three points.在三分球线外区域成功投篮可得三分。

1. The shooter must have at least one foot on the floor outside the three-point field goal line prior to the attempt.投篮者在投篮前必须至少有一只脚着地，位于三分球线外。

2. The shooter may not be touching the floor on or inside the three-point field goal line.投篮者不得触及三分球线上或三分球线内的地板。

3. The shooter may contact the three-point field goal line, or land in the two-point field goal area, after the ball is released.投篮者在球出手后，可能会接触三分球线，或者落在两分球区。

d. A field goal accidentally scored in an opponent’s basket shall be added to the opponent’s score, credited to the opposing player nearest the player whose actions caused the ball to enter the basket.如果投篮意外命中对方篮筐，则该得分将被添加到对方的得分中，并记入距离导致球进入篮筐的队员最近的对方队员的得分中。

e. It is a violation for a player to attempt a field goal at an opponent’s basket. The opposing team will be awarded the ball at the free throw line extended.球员试图在对方篮筐前投篮是违例行为。对方球队将在罚球线延长处获得球权。

f. A successful free throw attempt shall count one point.一次成功的罚球可计一分。

g. An unsuccessful free throw attempt which is tapped into the basket shall count two points and shall be credited to the player who tapped the ball in.罚球未中后，若球被（场上球员）补篮入筐，该进球计2分，得分归属于完成补篮的球员。

h. If there is a discrepancy in the score and it cannot be resolved, the running score shall be official.若出现比分争议且无法通过证据判定正确比分时，以比赛进行中即时记录的比分为官方最终比分。

Section II—Timing 第二部分——时间安排a. All periods of regulation play in the NBA will be twelve minutes.NBA 常规比赛的每节将为 12 分钟。。

b. All overtime periods of play will be five minutes.所有加时赛时间为五分钟。

c. Fifteen minutes will be permitted between halves of all games.所有比赛的半场之间将有十五分钟的休息时间。

d. 2:30 will be permitted between the first and second periods, the third and fourth periods and before any overtime period during local games. For national TV games 3:30 will be permitted between the first and second periods, the third and fourth periods and 2:30 before any overtime period.在本地比赛中，第一节和第二节之间、第三节和第四节之间以及任何加时赛之前允许有 2:30 的休息时间。对于全国电视转播的比赛，第一节和第二节之间、第三节和第四节之间以及任何加时赛之前允许有 3:30 的休息时间。

e. A team is permitted a total of 30 seconds to replace a disqualified player.每支球队总共有 30 秒的时间来替换被取消资格的球员。

f. The game is considered to be in the two-minute part when the game clock shows 2:00 or less time remaining in the period.当比赛时钟显示该时间段剩余时间少于或等于 2 分钟时，比赛即被认为处于最后两分钟阶段。

g. The publicaddress operator is required to announce that there are two minutes remaining in each period.广播员必须宣布每节比赛还剩两分钟。

h. The game clock shall be equipped to show tenths-of-a-second during the last minute of each period.比赛时钟应能够显示每节最后一分钟的十分之一秒。

Section III—End of Period 第三部分——每节结束a. Each period ends when time expires.每节在时间到期时结束。

a. EXCEPTIONS: 例外情况：

1. If a field goal attempt is in flight toward the basket, the period ends when the goal is made, missed or touched by an offensive player.如果投篮尝试朝篮筐飞去，则当进球、未进球或被进攻方球员触碰时，本节结束。

2. If the official’s whistle sounds prior to :00.0 on the clock, the period is not over and time must be added to the clock.如果裁判员的哨声在时钟时间 00:00.0 之前响起，则该时段尚未结束，必须将时间添加到时钟中。

3. If a field goal attempt is in flight toward the basket when the horn sounds ending a period, and it subsequently is touched by: (a) a defensive player, the goal, if successful, shall count; or (b) an offensive player, the period has ended.如果在本节比赛结束的哨声响起时，投篮尝试正在向篮筐飞行，随后被（a）防守队员触碰，若成功进球，则计入进球数；或（b）进攻队员触碰，本节比赛结束。

4. If a timeout request is made as time expires for a period, the period ends and the timeout shall not be granted.如果在某一节时间到时提出暂停请求，则该节结束，并且不准予暂停。

5. If there is a foul called on or by a player in the act of shooting the period will end after the foul is penalized (See Rule 13—II—b(ii)).若球员在投篮动作中被判犯规或主动造成犯规，该节比赛将在执行完此次犯规判罚后正式结束。（参见规则 13—II—b（ii））。

b. If the ball is dead and the game clock shows :00.0, the period has ended even though the horn may not have sounded.如果球已成死球且比赛时钟显示：00.0，则即使哨声尚未响起，该节也已结束。

a. EXCEPTION: See Rule 13—II—b(ii)例外：参见规则 13—II—b(ii)

Section IV—Tie Score—Overtime 第四部分——平局——加时赛If the score is tied at the end of the fourth period, play shall resume in 2:30 without change of baskets for any of the overtime periods required.如果第四节结束时比分相同，比赛将在 2:30 后继续进行，且在所需的任何加时赛期间无需更换篮筐。

Section V—Stoppage of Timing Devices 第五部分——计时装置的停止a. The timing devices shall be stopped whenever the official’s whistle sounds.一旦裁判员吹哨，计时装置应停止。

b. The timing devices shall be stopped:下列情况下应停止计时装置：

1. During the last minute of the first, second and third periods following a successful field goal attempt.在第一、第二和第三节的最后一分钟，在成功投篮之后。

2. During the last two minutes of regulation play and/or last two minutes of over- time(s) following a successful field goal attempt.在常规比赛的最后两分钟和/或加时赛的最后两分钟内，在成功投篮之后。

c. Officials may not use official time to permit a player to change or repair equipment.裁判员不得利用官方时间允许球员更换或修理设备。

Section VI—Timeouts – Mandatory/Team 第六部分——官方强制暂停/球队暂停a. Each team is entitled to seven (7) charged timeouts during regulation play. Each team is limited to no more than four (4) timeouts in the fourth period. Each team will be limited to two (2) team timeouts after the later of (i) the three-minute mark of the fourth period or (ii) the conclusion of the second mandatory timeout of the fourth period.每支球队在常规比赛时间内有权使用7次常规暂停。每支球队在第四节最多只能使用4次暂停。在 (i) 第四节最后3分钟或 (ii) 第四节第二次强制暂停结束后，每支球队最多只能再使用2次球队暂停。

b. In overtime periods, each team shall be allowed two (2) team timeouts.在加时赛期间，每队可有2次球队暂停。

c. There must be two mandatory timeouts in each period.每节必须有2次强制暂停。

a. If neither team has taken a timeout prior to 6:59 of the period, it shall be mandatory for the Official Scorer to take it at the first dead ball and charge it to the home team. If no subsequent timeouts are taken prior to 2:59, it shall be mandatory for the Official Scorer to take it and charge it to the team not previously charged.如果两队在该节 6:59 之前都没有暂停，则官方记录员必须在第一次死球时暂停并将球记在主队名下。如果在 2:59 之前没有暂停，则官方记录员必须暂停并将球记在之前没有暂停的球队名下。

b. The Official Scorer shall notify a team when it has been charged with a mandatory time-out.当某队被判强制暂停时，官方记录员应通知该队。

c. Mandatory timeouts shall be 2:45 for local games and 3:15 for national games. Any additional team timeouts in a period beyond those which are mandatory shall be 1:15.地方比赛强制暂停时间为2分45秒，全国比赛强制暂停时间为3分15秒。强制暂停时间以外的任何额外球队暂停时间为1分15秒。

d. No mandatory timeout may be charged during an official’s suspension-of-play.在裁判暂停比赛期间，不得强制暂停。

1. EXCEPTION: Suspension-of-play for Infection Control. See Comments on the Rules—N例外：因感染控制而暂停比赛。请参阅规则注释——N

d. A request for a timeout by a player in the game or the head coach shall be granted only when the ball is dead or in control of a player on the team making the request. A request at any other time shall be ignored.只有当球处于死球状态或由提出请求的球队的球员控制时，比赛中球员或主教练的暂停请求才会被批准。任何其他时间的请求都将被忽略。

e. During a timeout, all substitutions are legal for both teams.暂停期间，双方球队的所有换人均合法。

f. This rule may be used for any reason, including a request for a rule If the correction is sustained, no timeout shall be charged.本规则可用于任何原因，包括请求纠正规则。如果纠正被确认，将不计暂停次数。

g. If a timeout is charged to the offensive team during the last two minutes of the fourth period and/or last two minutes of any overtime period and (1) the ball is out-of-bounds in the backcourt (except for a suspension of play after the team had advanced the ball), or (2) after securing the ball from a rebound in the backcourt and prior to any advance of the ball, or (3) after the offensive team secures the ball from a change of possession in the backcourt and prior to any advance of the ball, the timeout should be granted. Upon resumption of play, the team granted the timeout shall have the option of putting the ball into play at the 28’ hash mark in the frontcourt or at the designated spot out-of-bounds. If the ball is put into play at the hash mark, the ball may be passed into either the frontcourt or If it is passed into the backcourt, the team will receive a new 8-second count. However, once the ball is (1) thrown in from out-of-bounds, or (2) dribbled or passed after receiving it from a rebound or a change of possession, the timeout shall be granted, and, upon resumption of play, the ball shall be in-bounded on the sideline where play was interrupted. In order for the option to be available following these conditions, a second timeout must be granted to the offensive team. The time on the game clock and the shot clock shall remain as when the timeout was called.如果在第四节最后两分钟和/或任何加时赛最后两分钟内，进攻一方要求暂停，并且 (1) 球在后场出界（球队推进球后暂停比赛除外），或 (2) 在后场抢到篮板球之后，在球推进之前，或 (3) 进攻队在后场获得球权转换之后，在球推进之前，则应准予暂停。比赛恢复后，获得暂停的球队可以选择在前场 28' 标记处或指定界外点将球投入比赛。如果球在标记处投入比赛，则可以将球传到前场，或如果将球传到后场，球队将获得新的 8 秒推进计时。然而，一旦球（1）从边线外界外掷球，或（2）在接获篮板球或转换球权后运球或传球，应允许计时，并在比赛恢复后，球应在比赛中断的边线处界外传入。为了在满足这些条件后使该选项可用，必须给予进攻方球队第二次暂停。比赛计时器和投篮计时器的时间应保持在暂停被请求时的状态。

h. A timeout shall not be granted to the defensive team during an official’s suspension- of-play.在裁判暂停比赛期间，不会给予防守方暂停。

a. EXCEPTION: Suspension of play for Infection Control. See Comments on the Rules-N.例外：因感染控制而暂停比赛。请参阅规则注释-N。

i. If a player is injured as a result of a player on the opposing team committing a flagrant foul or unsportsmanlike act, play will resume when playing conditions are safe and no timeout will be charged, unless a mandatory is due, as a result of any delay due to the player’s injury.如果一名球员因对方队员的恶意犯规或违反体育道德的行为而受伤，比赛将在安全的比赛条件下恢复，并且不会计入暂停次数，除非由于球员受伤而导致比赛延误而需要强制暂停。

j. If a team calls a timeout because one of its players is injured and, at the expiration of the timeout play is unable to resume due to that player ’s injury, play will resume when playing conditions are safe.如果某队因其一名队员受伤而请求暂停，且暂停结束后比赛因该队员受伤而无法恢复，则比赛将在条件安全时恢复。

k. Requests for a timeout in excess of those available to the team at that point in the game (as set forth in subsection (a)) shall be granted and a technical foul shall be Following the timeout, the ball will be awarded to the opposing team and play shall resume with a throw-in nearest the spot where play was interrupted.请求暂停的次数超过该节比赛球队可用的暂停次数（如第(a)款所述）将被允许，并且将判给对方球队一次技术犯规。暂停结束后，球将判给对方球队，比赛应在距离比赛中断地点最近的地点掷界外球继续进行。

l. If a team has no timeouts remaining and a player is injured and cannot be removed from the playing court during a stoppage of play, no excessive timeout will be charged and play will resume when playing conditions are safe.如果一支球队没有剩余的暂停次数，并且有球员受伤且在比赛暂停期间无法被带离比赛场地，则不会计入暂停次数，并且比赛将在条件安全时恢复。

Section VII—Timeout Requests 第七部分——暂停请求

a. If an official, upon receiving a timeout request by the defensive team, inadvertently signals while the play is in progress, play shall be suspended and the team in possession shall put the ball in play immediately at the sideline nearest where the ball was when the signal was given. The game and shot clock shall remain the same.如果裁判在比赛进行中收到防守方的暂停请求后不慎发出信号，比赛应暂停，当时持球方应在信号发出时球所在的近侧边线处重新开始比赛。比赛和计时器应保持不变。

b. If an official, upon receiving a timeout request from the defensive team, inadvertently signals for a timeout during the act of shooting but prior to the release of the ball on:如果裁判员在收到防守队的暂停请求后，在投篮过程中但在球离手前无意中发出暂停信号：

1. a successful field goal or free throw attempt, the point(s) shall be scored.投篮或罚球成功，即可得分。

2. an unsuccessful field goal attempt, the offensive team shall put the ball in play immediately at the sideline nearest where the ball was when the signal was given.投篮失败时，进攻方应立即在信号发出时球所在的最近的边线处将球投入比赛。

3. an unsuccessful free throw attempt, the official shall rule disconcerting and award a substitute free throw.如果罚球失败，裁判员应判定该动作无效，并判给一次替代罚球。

c. If an official, upon receiving a timeout request, inadvertently signals for a timeout:如果裁判在收到暂停请求后，无意中发出暂停信号：

1. after the ball is released during a successful field goal or free throw attempt, the points shall be scored.在投篮或罚球成功后，球出手即可得分。

2. while the ball is loose or after the ball is released during an unsuccessful field goal or free throw attempt which will remain in play, play shall be resumed with a jump ball at the center circle between any two opponents in the game.当球处于活球时，或在投篮不成功或罚球未成功时球权被释放后，比赛仍将继续进行，比赛应在任意两个对手之间的中心圈跳球恢复。

d. When a team is granted a timeout, play shall not resume until the Time-out Clock has expired. The throw-in shall be nearest the spot where play was suspended. The throw-in shall be on the sideline, if the ball was in play when the request was granted.当球队获得暂停时，比赛不得恢复，直到暂停时钟停止。掷界外球应在最接近暂停比赛的地点。如果请求获得批准时球在比赛中，掷界外球应在边线上。

e. A player shall not be granted any timeout if both of his feet are in the air and any part of his body has broken the vertical plane of the boundary line. This rule also applies to the midcourt line except during throw-ins in the last two minutes of the fourth or last two minutes of any overtime period.如果一名球员的双脚均离开地面，并且其身体任何部分已穿过边线的垂直平面，则该球员不得被授予暂停。此规则在第四节最后两分钟或任何加时赛最后两分钟进行掷球入界时除外，此时中线规则适用。

f. A timeout can be granted only at the time of the request.暂停只能在请求时被给予。

Section VIII—Time-In 第八部分——重新开始比赛计时a. After time has been out, the game clock shall be started:在暂停结束后，比赛计时器应当被启动：

1. On a free throw that is unsuccessful and the ball continues in play, the game clock shall be started when the missed free throw is legally touched by any player.如果罚球未成功，而球仍在比赛中，则当任何一名球员合法触碰未命中的罚球时，比赛时钟应开始计时。

2. If play is resumed by a throw-in from out-of-bounds, the game clock shall be started when the ball is legally touched by any player within the playing area of the court.如果比赛通过界外掷球恢复，则比赛时钟应在球被球场比赛区域内的任何运动员合法触及时启动。

3. If play is resumed with a jump ball, the game clock shall be started when the ball is legally tapped.如果比赛以跳球恢复，则比赛时钟应从球被合法拍击时开始。